A Diagnostic Partnership: The Synergistic Power of Thermography and Ultrasound Imaging

In today’s evolving landscape of diagnostic medicine, the integration of complementary imaging technologies is redefining how clinicians detect, assess, and monitor disease. Two non-invasive modalities—medical-grade thermography and diagnostic ultrasound—have individually proven their worth in clinical settings. Yet, when these tools are combined, their collective diagnostic power offers a more comprehensive understanding of physiological and anatomical conditions, enhancing the accuracy and effectiveness of patient care.

This article highlights the valuable alliance between thermography and ultrasound imaging, illustrating how thermography’s functional, heat-based data guides targeted, structural evaluation through ultrasound. Additionally, we explore how Doppler ultrasound’s capability to assess vascular patterns aligns with thermographic readings, offering a dynamic, multi-dimensional perspective of pathology. Together, these technologies support early detection, monitoring, and integrative care strategies across a range of clinical applications.

Thermography: Capturing the Body’s Thermal Signals
Medical thermography operates by detecting and mapping infrared heat emissions from the body’s surface. Because changes in circulation, inflammation, and nerve activity affect skin temperature, thermography can identify subtle physiological changes that may indicate developing disease, often before structural abnormalities are detectable by other imaging modalities.

Widely known for its role in breast health assessments, thermography is valued for its radiation-free, non-invasive nature and its capacity to detect abnormal heat patterns related to increased vascular activity or inflammation. Beyond breast imaging, thermography is increasingly applied in vascular screening (such as carotid artery assessments), thyroid dysfunction evaluations, and musculoskeletal and nerve-related conditions.

  

Primary advantages of thermography include:

    * Detection of early physiological changes that precede structural issues.

    * Non-invasive, radiation-free imaging suitable for regular monitoring.

    * Identification of heat patterns associated with abnormal vascularity, inflammation, or nerve irritation.

    * Ability to perform comparative, sequential imaging to monitor physiological trends over time.

Although thermography is not intended to replace anatomical imaging, its sensitivity to functional abnormalities makes it a valuable tool in proactive and complementary diagnostics.

Ultrasound Imaging: Anatomical Insight and Dynamic Evaluation
Diagnostic ultrasound uses high-frequency sound waves to create real-time images of internal tissues and structures. Its versatility allows clinicians to visualize soft tissue anatomy while also assessing movement and blood flow using Doppler technology.

Ultrasound is routinely used for evaluating breast, thyroid, vascular, abdominal, pelvic, and musculoskeletal health, among other applications. Doppler ultrasound adds a critical dimension by enabling clinicians to observe blood flow patterns, vessel integrity, and abnormal vascular activity such as tumor angiogenesis or inflammatory hyperemia.

Notable strengths of ultrasound imaging include:

    * Immediate, real-time visualization of anatomical structures.

    * Functional assessment of blood flow with Doppler imaging.

    * Safe, non-invasive, and adaptable for various anatomical regions.

    * Guidance for needle biopsies and interventional procedures.

Ultrasound’s ability to combine structural detail with dynamic functional data makes it an ideal counterpart to the physiological information captured through thermography.

Thermography as a Guide for Targeted Ultrasound Evaluation
The value of pairing thermography with ultrasound lies in how thermal imaging can direct more precise, focused ultrasound assessments. Thermography highlights areas of abnormal heat distribution, which often correspond to regions of increased blood flow, inflammation, or nerve activity beneath the skin. These thermal findings can then inform where ultrasound should be applied, ensuring that subclinical or early-stage concerns are investigated further.

In clinical scenarios such as:

    * Breast health assessments: A localized heat anomaly on thermography may indicate increased vascular activity. Focused ultrasound imaging, supplemented with Doppler studies, can then examine the area for masses or abnormal vascularity.

    * Carotid artery evaluation: Thermal asymmetries along the neck may signal vascular irregularities or inflammation. Doppler ultrasound can assess blood flow velocities and vessel patency at these flagged locations.

    * Thyroid screening: Thermal patterns suggestive of hyperactivity or inflammation can prompt targeted ultrasound evaluation to visualize nodules, cysts, or vascular changes.

This coordinated approach improves diagnostic accuracy by combining thermography’s sensitivity to functional changes with ultrasound’s structural and functional imaging capabilities.

Aligning Vascular Data: Doppler Ultrasound Meets Thermography
Doppler ultrasound’s role in measuring blood flow dynamics aligns naturally with the vascular insights offered by thermography. Both modalities offer distinct, yet complementary, information about circulation and tissue metabolism.

For example:

    * Tumor-related angiogenesis often results in increased local blood flow, creating areas of hyperthermia on thermography and detectable vascular proliferation with Doppler ultrasound.

    * Inflammatory processes generate heat due to increased blood flow and metabolic activity. Thermography can map these hotspots, while Doppler ultrasound confirms hyperemia and assesses the involved vessels.

    * Peripheral vascular disease may appear as cooler regions on thermography due to impaired perfusion. Doppler ultrasound can then quantify blood flow reduction or identify vascular obstructions.

    * The alignment of these two data sets provides clinicians with a thorough understanding of both functional vascular health and anatomical vessel status.

Broadened Applications: Established and Investigational Uses
While thermography holds FDA clearance as an adjunct for breast health evaluation, practitioners have extended its use into several investigational areas where early physiological changes are clinically relevant.

Examples include:

    * Neuropathy and pain syndromes: Thermography can detect altered heat patterns associated with nerve irritation or dysfunction in the back, feet, and pelvic areas.

    * Inflammatory arthritis and rheumatic conditions: Localized heat increases can identify active inflammation sites.

    * Post-surgical surveillance: Thermography may help track vascular integrity and inflammation following operative procedures.

    * Sports injuries and overuse syndromes: Subtle thermal changes can signal early-stage tissue stress or inflammation, while ultrasound evaluates tissue integrity and guides treatment.

In each scenario, ultrasound enhances the diagnostic process by confirming structural pathology or assessing blood flow in areas identified by thermography, allowing for more precise intervention planning.

Illustrative Example: Integrating Imaging for Breast Health
Consider a clinical case in which thermography reveals a localized area of elevated heat in the upper outer quadrant of the left breast. This finding prompts a targeted ultrasound examination, which identifies a small, hypoechoic mass with notable vascularity on Doppler imaging. The combined results offer a compelling clinical rationale for further investigation, such as biopsy or additional imaging.

In situations where breast tissue density limits mammographic accuracy, thermography and ultrasound together improve the likelihood of early detection, providing valuable information in risk assessment and management planning.

Conclusion: A Forward-Thinking Diagnostic Model
The combined use of medical thermography and ultrasound imaging represents a progressive, integrative model in diagnostic medicine. By coupling physiological heat mapping with real-time anatomical and vascular imaging, clinicians can detect early, often subclinical changes that may signal the onset of disease. This dual-modality approach offers a safer, non-invasive, and highly informative option for proactive health monitoring and early intervention.

As diagnostic medicine continues to evolve, the partnership between thermography and ultrasound promises to play an increasingly significant role, particularly in breast health, vascular screening, thyroid evaluation, and investigational applications in pain, inflammation, and sports medicine. Future research and clinical protocols will further refine and expand these applications, advancing the goal of truly personalized, precision-based care.

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RELATED ARTICLES

ADVANCED THERMOLOGY FOR THYROID AND CERVICAL DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION

THE THYROID GLAND, situated anteriorly in the lower neck, is uniquely accessible due to its superficial anatomical position and rich vascular network. This makes it an ideal candidate for assessment through high-resolution infrared thermographic imaging. Thermology offers a non-invasive, radiation-free adjunctive modality that complements traditional diagnostic methods in evaluating thyroid function and pathology. By detecting subtle temperature variations on the skin surface above the thyroid and surrounding cervical tissues, infrared thermography reflects the gland’s underlying metabolic activity. This technique is especially valuable in the early detection and functional assessment of thyroid disorders, including Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, Graves’ disease, nodular goiter, and thyroid malignancies.

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THE ROLE OF NEOANGIOGENESIS IN BREAST CANCER DETECTION

One of the core principles of medical thermography is detecting physiologic changes associated with cancer. Neoangiogenesis—the formation of new blood vessels—is critical for tumor growth. Without it, cancerous cells would be unable to obtain the nutrients they need to proliferate. The abnormal structure of these new blood vessels was not well understood until the late 1980s, when studies revealed their unique porous nature.

Unlike normal blood vessels, which have a structured, three-layered composition, neoangiogenic vessels are disorganized and resemble a natural sponge, with an erratic, unregulated flow. Lacking smooth muscle and autonomic nervous system regulation, these vessels exhibit excessive and uncontrolled blood flow. As a result, areas of neoangiogenesis appear as "hot spots" in thermal imaging. Because breast tissue is located in the outer shell of the body, where body heat is regulated to maintain a stable core body temperature, these hot patterns can indicate malignancy, setting medical thermology apart as a functional imaging modality distinct from structural imaging techniques like mammography, ultrasound and MRI.

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HEAD AND NECK: QUANTITATIVE THERMAL MEASUREMENT & A MEDICAL COMPLETEMENT TO THE ULTRASOUND

The patient is a 65-year-old military veteran who sustained a fall, leading to a concussion that required a three-day hospital observation period. Upon discharge, he reported persistent shoulder pain. Ultrasound imaging of the shoulder revealed an inflamed biceps tendon, which was appropriately treated with physical therapy or targeted injection—avoiding unnecessary rotator cuff surgery, which had initially been planned. Given the patient’s recent concussion, ultrasound assessment was extended to the optic nerve, which was imaged within minutes and confirmed as normal, ruling out increased intracranial pressure.

Optic nerve swelling is also another a critical indicator of elevated intracranial pressure and is widely used in emergency medicine for concussion assessment. While hospital concussion screenings may clear a patient, they do not eliminate the risk of delayed-onset intracranial bleeding. Subdural hematomas, for example, can develop over days, weeks, or even months post-injury, gradually increasing intracranial pressure. Early detection using noninvasive imaging techniques is therefore essential and timely.

Advanced Thermology for Thyroid and Cervical Diagnostic Evaluation

Written & Edited by: Lennard Goetze, Ed,D, Robert Bard, MD and Gina Adams

THE THYROID GLAND, situated anteriorly in the lower neck, is uniquely accessible due to its superficial anatomical position and rich vascular network. This makes it an ideal candidate for assessment through high-resolution infrared thermographic imaging. Thermology offers a non-invasive, radiation-free adjunctive modality that complements traditional diagnostic methods in evaluating thyroid function and pathology.

By detecting subtle temperature variations on the skin surface above the thyroid and surrounding cervical tissues, infrared thermography reflects the gland’s underlying metabolic activity. This technique is especially valuable in the early detection and functional assessment of thyroid disorders, including Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, Graves’ disease, nodular goiter, and thyroid malignancies.

Thermal imaging of the cervical region provides visual insight into patterns of vascular and inflammatory activity, which often correlate with clinical signs and symptoms. In autoimmune thyroid conditions like Hashimoto’s and Graves’, thermographic patterns may reveal hyperthermic or hypothermic zones that correspond to inflammatory or degenerative processes, long before significant hormonal changes appear in bloodwork.

Additionally, thermology serves as a practical tool for distinguishing between benign thyroid nodules and suspicious masses. While it does not replace fine needle aspiration or ultrasound imaging, thermal mapping can identify abnormal heat signatures that suggest angiogenesis or metabolic upregulation typical of malignant processes—prompting further targeted investigation.

From a procedural standpoint, thyroid thermography is entirely passive. It requires no contact with the patient and involves capturing a series of thermal images of the anterior neck and cervical spine region in a controlled environment. This makes it particularly appealing for routine screening, follow-up monitoring, and patients for whom radiation exposure is contraindicated.

Importantly, cervical thermology extends beyond the thyroid itself. It provides a broader view of the lymphatic drainage, muscular asymmetry, and neurovascular responses in the cervical area, offering a systemic perspective that complements localized thyroid imaging. This integrative view helps clinicians evaluate the physiological interplay between the thyroid and nearby anatomical structures, including the parathyroids, cervical lymph nodes, and upper thoracic inlet.

Moreover, thermography can be used to monitor the effectiveness of thyroid treatment protocols—whether pharmacological, dietary, or integrative. Serial imaging allows practitioners to track shifts in vascular activity and thermal symmetry as patients respond to interventions, offering an additional layer of objective feedback alongside lab results and symptom progression.

HealthTech Reporter and the AngioInstitute would like to thank Therma-Scan Reference Laboratory and Dr. Phil Hoekstra for sharing comprehensive studies and samples of thyroid imaging: 

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SCANNING THYROID CANCER
Thyroid tumors are common but can be hard to diagnose by touch alone. Sonography is the primary method for detecting and monitoring suspicious nodules. Areas with calcium deposits are especially concerning and often require biopsy under ultrasound guidance. Parathyroid masses, which can cause significant health issues like bone loss in women or kidney stones in men, may also be detected. Ultrasound can also identify cancer spread to nearby lymph nodes, which can be biopsied with imaging guidance.

THYROID CANCER FAQ's

Q: Why is a sonogram important if I visit my doctor annually?
Blood tests often miss thyroid tumors, which can be difficult to detect through physical examination, especially if they are deep within the gland.

Q: What happens if a tumor is found?
Many benign conditions, like cysts, can be differentiated from cancer without a biopsy. Ultrasound can assess calcium content, which may indicate cancer, requiring further tests.

Q: Does every suspicious area require a biopsy?
Ultrasound screening and other tests can reduce unnecessary biopsies. Small suspicious areas are typically monitored for growth every 3-6 months before considering a biopsy.

Q: How far can thyroid cancer spread?
Most thyroid cancers grow slowly and spread locally. Metastasis is rare and can be evaluated using MRI scans.

Q: Can ultrasound detect parathyroid tumors that cause osteoporosis?
Parathyroid adenomas are typically benign but can lead to significant physical effects due to hormonal imbalances. These tumors can often be diagnosed with 3-D Power Doppler Histogram .

In summary, ultrasound imaging plays a crucial role in evaluating thyroid health by providing a safe, non-invasive, and highly detailed view of the gland. When combined with pathology, it enhances diagnostic accuracy, guiding appropriate treatment decisions. This synergy between imaging and laboratory analysis ensures a comprehensive approach to identifying and managing thyroid conditions effectively.

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The Essentials of Thyroid Imaging (part 2)

By: Dr. Robert Bard

When imaging detects a suspicious area, it can guide selective biopsies to obtain small tissue samples for further laboratory analysis (pathology). Combining imaging with pathology provides the most accurate information about the size, location, and aggressiveness of any issue detected.  In the case of thyroid imaging, use of an ultrasound uses sound waves to create images of the thyroid gland in the neck. It is often used for this organ because it is a non-invasive procedure that does not use ionizing radiation. It’s commonly used to evaluate lumps or nodules detected during a physical exam or other imaging tests and requires minimal preparation.

 Thyroid nodule (tumor) - doppler ultrasound

The ultrasound helps doctors visualize the thyroid's size, shape, and potential abnormalities like nodules, cysts, or inflammation, aiding in diagnosis and treatment planning. It’s typically performed when physical exams show:

 - A growth on the thyroid, known as a thyroid nodule (image - R).

- An enlarged or irregular thyroid (goiter).

- Abnormal lymph nodes near the thyroid.

THE ROLE OF THE THYROID GLAND: The thyroid is a butterfly-shaped organ in the endocrine system that regulates hormones influencing various bodily functions. These hormones affect both physical and mental performance, so unexplained symptoms may indicate a thyroid issue.

HYPERTHYROIDISM AND THYROID DISORDERS: Thyroid disorders can stem from various causes and affect the balance of hormones in the body. A range of treatments is available for managing thyroid issues, from medication to non-invasive procedures.

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Friday, March 21, 2025

Treating Thyroid Disorders Non-Invasively

By: Dr. Robert L. Bard

Part 1: PEMF Therapy and Thyroid Health- A Natural Boost for Cellular Energy

Every cell in your body holds a natural electrical charge essential for proper function. When cells are stressed or damaged, that charge weakens. PEMF (Pulsed Electromagnetic Field) therapy uses gentle pulses to restore this balance, helping reduce inflammation and supporting ATP production—the energy molecule vital for all cellular processes. This is especially beneficial for those with low thyroid function, where energy production is already compromised.

While thyroid medications are common and often necessary, they can have long-term side effects. PEMF offers a non-invasive, drug-free complement that helps maintain hormonal balance. With regular use and medical supervision, it may even allow for reduced medication dosages over time.

One of the thyroid’s main jobs is to regulate oxygen use through hormone production. Low oxygen levels in tissues can increase health risks, including cancer. PEMF therapy improves oxygen delivery, enhancing the body’s repair and maintenance processes.

Additionally, PEMF may support the management of thyroid nodules—small growths on the thyroid that can disrupt function or become cancerous. Early use of PEMF has shown potential in shrinking or preventing these nodules, helping protect long-term thyroid health.

Modern Surgical Tools in Thyroidectomy: Ligasure vs. Harmonic Scalpel

Thyroid surgery, particularly thyroidectomy, has evolved significantly with the advent of advanced energy-based surgical tools designed to improve precision, reduce operative time, and minimize complications. Two of the most widely used medical devices in modern thyroid surgery are the bipolar energy-sealing system (Ligasure, Medtronic, Mansfield, MA) and the ultrasonic coagulation system (Harmonic Scalpel, Ethicon). These instruments have largely replaced traditional clamp-and-tie techniques, offering surgeons greater efficiency and safety.

Ligasure: Bipolar Vessel Sealing Technology

The Ligasure system utilizes advanced bipolar energy to permanently seal blood vessels and lymphatics. By applying controlled thermal energy and pressure, Ligasure denatures collagen and elastin within the vessel wall, creating a durable seal capable of withstanding high intraluminal pressures. In thyroid surgery, where delicate vascular structures and proximity to the recurrent laryngeal nerve demand careful dissection, Ligasure offers reliable hemostasis with minimal lateral thermal spread (typically <2 mm), reducing the risk of nerve injury or collateral tissue damage.

Advantages of Ligasure:

* Effective sealing of vessels up to 7 mm in diameter

* Low thermal spread, improving safety near nerves

* Reduced operative time and blood loss

* Consistent and reproducible performance

Harmonic Scalpel: Ultrasonic Dissection and Coagulation

The Harmonic Scalpel works through ultrasonic vibrations at a frequency of around 55.5 kHz, enabling simultaneous cutting and coagulation of tissue. It converts electrical energy into mechanical energy, allowing for a cooler operative field compared to traditional electrocautery. The device is especially effective in fine dissection due to its minimal thermal injury and precision in confined anatomical spaces. In thyroid surgery, the Harmonic Scalpel is prized for its ability to cut and seal tissue at the same time, providing a smooth workflow during gland mobilization and vascular division.

Advantages of the Harmonic Scalpel:

* Precise dissection with minimal charring

* Reduced lateral heat dispersion (<1.5 mm)

* Improved visibility due to minimal smoke generation

* Less postoperative pain and faster recovery

Choosing Between the Two

Both devices are well-validated in endocrine surgery, and their use often depends on surgeon preference, institutional availability, and patient-specific factors. Some studies suggest that the Harmonic Scalpel may offer slightly shorter operative times, while Ligasure provides stronger vessel sealing, particularly for larger-caliber vessels. In many advanced centers, surgeons use both systems selectively based on the specific surgical step being performed.

Ultimately, these tools exemplify the technological advancements that continue to improve outcomes in thyroid surgery — promoting precision, efficiency, and patient safety.

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Friday, March 21, 2025

Understanding Thyroid Health: Key Insights on Hormones, Longevity, and Wellness

Thyroid health plays a critical role in nearly every physiological process of the body, influencing metabolism, brain function, heart health, and more. Yet, despite its significance, the nuances of thyroid function remain elusive for many. As we age, maintaining optimal thyroid function is an essential component of overall well-being, and understanding the balance of thyroid hormones can help prevent future health challenges.

From an exclusive interview with Dr. Angela Mazza, Integrative Endocrinologist

The Essential Role of Thyroid Health

The thyroid, a butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck, is responsible for producing hormones that regulate metabolism. However, its influence extends far beyond just energy production. Thyroid hormones affect growth, cognition, mood, and even the function of vital organs. Research indicates that every system in the body—whether it's the heart, the gut, or the brain—is impacted by thyroid hormone levels.

However, what constitutes "optimal" thyroid function is not always clear. The standard reference ranges used to assess thyroid health are based on large population studies, but these ranges do not necessarily account for individual variations. Moreover, as we age, our thyroid function can naturally change, raising questions about whether slight imbalances might, in fact, be beneficial. Long-term studies on centenarians suggest that slightly elevated levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) may be associated with longevity. This highlights the complexity of thyroid health and the need for more research on how it influences aging and overall quality of life.  (See complete feature)

Regenerative Therapies and Photobiomodulation for Hair Growth

By: Lennard M. Gettz, Ed.D

The world of regenerative medicine is evolving quickly, and it's not just helping with chronic pain or injury recovery—it’s also opening new doors in treating hair loss. More and more people are turning to non-surgical, science-backed options to stimulate hair regrowth, with promising results. From stem cell-based treatments to light therapy, modern hair restoration is moving beyond shampoos and medications.

Special thanks to: Ms. Gina Adams /Dr. Robert Bard

One of the most exciting technologies in this space is photobiomodulation (PBM), also known as low-level laser therapy (LLLT) or red light therapy. This treatment uses safe, targeted wavelengths of red or near-infrared light to boost cell energy production and improve blood flow in the scalp. By stimulating the hair follicles, PBM helps promote healthier and thicker hair growth. It’s painless, non-invasive, and often delivered through at-home devices like laser caps or combs.

Studies show that PBM therapy can significantly improve hair density and strength in people with androgenetic alopecia (a common form of hair thinning) [1]. The light stimulates cellular metabolism in the hair follicle and extends the growth phase of the hair cycle. With regular use over a few months, many users begin to notice a fuller head of hair.  

[L-Image: 2022- Dr. Bard conducted a 6-month performance test drive and validation study of the "HairMax".]

REGENERATIVE 2: MINIMALLY INVASIVE SOLUTIONS

Another regenerative approach that’s gained popularity is Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) therapy. In this procedure, a small amount of your own blood is drawn, processed to concentrate the platelets, and then injected into areas of thinning hair. Platelets are packed with growth factors that can help stimulate new hair growth, improve scalp health, and strengthen existing hair strands [2]. Since the treatment uses your own blood, it’s a natural and low-risk option.

Microneedling, often used alongside PRP, involves tiny controlled punctures in the scalp using fine needles. This process encourages collagen production and allows better absorption of hair-growth serums or exosomes. It also stimulates wound-healing pathways that may activate dormant follicles [3].

Exosomes, the next generation of regenerative therapy, are tiny messenger particles derived from stem cells. They carry powerful proteins and genetic material that support tissue repair and cell-to-cell communication. When used in hair restoration, exosomes can help reduce inflammation and reawaken sluggish follicles—potentially leading to visible improvements in density and texture [4].

Finally, Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are also being explored in early clinical research. These cells have regenerative potential and may help reverse follicular aging, though this field is still developing and not yet widely available for hair restoration.

Together, these therapies offer a more personalized, natural alternative to traditional hair loss treatments. While results may vary depending on your unique hair health and biology, many patients are finding real hope through these innovative methods. Always consult with a trained medical provider or hair restoration specialist to determine the best course of treatment for your needs.

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Low-Level Light Therapy for Hair Loss: What You Need to Know   By: Diane Pinson (Editor of the House of Hair)

Low-Level Light Therapy (LLLT), also known as red light or cold laser therapy, is a non-invasive treatment that stimulates hair growth by improving blood flow and energizing cells in the scalp. It helps reduce inflammation, reactivate dormant follicles, and promote healthier, fuller hair—especially when hair loss is caught early or triggered by stress or hormonal shifts.  LLLT works best when combined with other treatments like Selphyl PRFM, exosomes, topical minoxidil, and targeted nutritional support, helping these therapies penetrate deeper and work more effectively.

Important note: LLLT only works on areas with active follicles, including thinning or vellus hairs (fine, baby-like hairs). It will not work on fully bald, shiny areas where follicles are no longer viable.   Not all light therapy devices are created equal. The number of diodes and the strength of the light determine how well a device works. Handheld or inexpensive caps with weak output often fall short. The most effective systems have high diode density and clinical strength power for full coverage and consistent results.

Top-rated devices include:

    CapillusPro (at-home): 272 medical-grade laser diodes

    iRestore Professional (at-home): 282 lasers and LEDs combined

    LaserCap HD+ (in-office or prescription-based): 304 laser diodes

    Sunetics Clinical Laser (in-office): 272–650 diodes depending on model

Hair growth varies by hair type:

    Caucasian hair: ~½ inch/month

    African-American hair: ~¼ inch/month

    Asian hair: ~½–1 inch/month

Personally, when my hair fell out, LLLT was one of the key things that helped bring it back. It healed my scalp, reduced inflammation, and supported stronger regrowth when nothing else seemed to work. I used the Sunetics Clinical Laser system—and it made all the difference.

Another therapy that made a big impact for me was PUVA (Psoralen + UVA) therapy. Though it’s not commonly used today, PUVA helped calm inflammation in my scalp and promote regrowth when nothing else seemed to work. PUVA was originally developed for skin conditions like psoriasis and vitiligo, but has been used in some cases of alopecia areata (an autoimmune type of hair loss). It works by using a light-sensitizing medication (psoralen) followed by UVA light to modulate the immune response. It’s especially helpful when hair loss is linked to inflammation or immune triggers.

PUVA is less commonly used now due to newer treatments with fewer side effects, the need for frequent clinic visits, and long-term risks like premature skin aging. But for me, it was a key part of my healing journey and scalp recovery.

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Inflammation, DHT, and the Biochemical Cascade of Hair Loss: A Scientific Overview: by Dr. Jordan Plews

Hair loss is a multifactorial condition influenced by genetic, hormonal, and inflammatory factors. Understanding the roles of DHT and inflammation provides insight into the pathogenesis of AGA and informs effective prevention and treatment strategies. Early intervention is crucial, as inflammation and follicular damage can progress unnoticed until significant hair loss has occurred, while genetic factors (such as expression of MMP genes) in some can lead to fibrosis and result in more difficult to treat hair loss. By focusing on inflammation as an early warning sign, treatment target, and significant factor to consider when diagnosing, tracking, and treating hair loss, existing methodologies can be greatly improved. Ongoing research continues to elucidate the complex mechanisms underlying hair loss, paving the way for more targeted and effective therapies. See Dr. Jordan Plews comprehensive overview on MENONEWS and the recent issue on the HOUSE OF HAIR

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References

1. Avci, P., Gupta, A., Clark, J., et al. (2014). Low-level laser (light) therapy (LLLT) for treatment of hair loss. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, 46(2), 144–151.

2. Gentile, P., et al. (2015). The Effect of Platelet-Rich Plasma in Hair Regrowth: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial. Stem Cells Translational Medicine, 4(11), 1317–1323.

3. Dhurat, R., Sukesh, M., et al. (2013). A randomized evaluator blinded study of effect of microneedling in androgenetic alopecia: A pilot study. International Journal of Trichology, 5(1), 6–11.

4. Kim, Y.J., et al. (2020). Exosomes in hair growth and alopecia. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21(10), 3659.

5. Elmaadawi, I.H., et al. (2018). Stem cell therapy for androgenetic alopecia: A review. Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 29(3), 278–283.

PODCAST SHOWCASE: DR. MAZZA'S "THYROID TALKS" Feat. Dr. Robert Bard (Thyroid Imaging)

Thyroid Talk Interview Summary: Dr. Angela Maza and Dr. Robert L. Bard

By: Lennard M. Goetze, Ed.D, Roberta Kline, MD, Graciella Davi, MBA and Stanley Yip, PhD.

In a compelling episode of Thyroid Talk, Dr. Angela Maza, an endocrinologist specializing in thyroid and metabolic health, interviews Dr. Robert L. Bard, a renowned radiologist and pioneer in advanced ultrasound imaging. The conversation explores the evolution of ultrasound from basic fetal imaging to sophisticated 3D and functional sonography used in cancer diagnostics, thyroid evaluation, and beyond.

Dr. Bard explains how 3D imaging captures high-resolution anatomical and blood flow data in real time, enabling non-invasive diagnosis of conditions like hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, and thyroid cancer. His innovative work emphasizes "functional imaging"—which evaluates blood flow and tissue dynamics rather than just structural anomalies—as a powerful alternative or complement to biopsies.

The discussion also touches on the use of ultrasound and thermography in detecting melanomas, diabetic ulcers, bone inflammation, and even hair loss, showcasing its versatility in preventive and integrative medicine. Dr. Bard’s collaborative efforts in women’s health, including his advocacy for breast ultrasound screening laws and portable imaging for underserved populations, highlight his patient-first philosophy.

Both doctors advocate for patient empowerment, early detection, and integrative care that bridges traditional and functional medicine. They conclude with a shared vision: advancing non-invasive diagnostic technologies as tools for earlier, safer, and more effective treatment.

A Revolution in Diagnostics

In an era where patient-centered care and technological innovation are redefining healthcare, non-invasive diagnostics stand at the forefront. On the latest episode of Thyroid Talk, host Dr. Angela Maza—an endocrinologist and metabolism specialist—welcomes internationally renowned radiologist Dr. Robert L. Bard to explore how advanced imaging techniques are reshaping the way we diagnose and manage thyroid and women's health conditions.

Dr. Bard (the founder of BardDiagnostics in Manhattan) has dedicated his career to pioneering diagnostic imaging technologies, including 3D ultrasound, thermography, and image-guided cancer therapies. As the proclaimed "Cancer Detective", he applies his leadership in medical radiology as a luminary in imaging interpretation for early detection, predictive reporting and comprehensive diagnostic analysis. In this in-depth interview, he shares insights into the transformational power of non-invasive tools for early detection and ongoing monitoring of complex diseases.

Ultrasound: From Pregnancy to Precision Diagnostics

Dr. Bard began his career at a time when ultrasound was mainly used for fetal imaging. "Eventually we realized we could visualize not just babies but placentas, kidneys, and even tumors," he recalls. With the evolution of 3D sonography, physicians gained the ability to observe blood flow and tissue function in unprecedented detail.

This has particular relevance for thyroid health. "With 3D ultrasound," says Bard, "we can now detect nodules, assess blood flow, and even evaluate inflammation or scarring—all without needing a biopsy." Traditional 2D imaging relies on manual movement of the probe, while 3D scans capture a high-resolution volumetric image in seconds, offering both structural and functional data that can reveal hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, or cancer.

The Intelligent Alternative to Biopsy

Dr. Maza highlights that one of the show’s ongoing themes is finding alternatives to invasive procedures. “Dr. Bard’s technology is often described as the ‘intelligent alternative to biopsy,’” she notes.

Dr. Bard explains that patients actively participate in the diagnostic process by identifying areas of discomfort or concern during real-time scanning. This collaboration has led to life-saving discoveries—such as a cancerous node missed by a prior scan but found when a patient guided the probe herself. “When the patient is part of the diagnosis, we’re better. It becomes a teamwork model,” he says.

Functional Imaging: A New Frontier

Beyond static anatomical images, functional imaging reveals how blood flows through tissues and how diseases alter those dynamics. “This isn’t just about what’s there,” Bard explains. “It’s about what it’s doing.” For example, cancers often create their own blood vessels—more vessels signal more aggressive disease.

Dr. Maza ties this to functional and integrative medicine, which focuses on understanding systemic imbalances. “It’s more than the thyroid,” she says. “Autoimmune thyroid disease, diabetes, inflammation—they’re all interconnected.” Dr. Bard agrees, noting that inflammatory skin conditions like psoriasis don’t just affect appearance—they signal whole-body issues, including increased cardiovascular risk.

A Paradigm Shift in Women's Health

Dr. Bard’s passion for women’s health is evident. As a founding member of the AngioInstitute, he works with partners nationwide to make diagnostic imaging accessible and effective, especially for underserved populations. His advocacy helped pass a U.S. law requiring providers to inform patients when dense breast tissue could obscure mammogram results, recommending ultrasound follow-up. “Breast cancer doesn’t have to be a killer,” he says. “If it’s found early with ultrasound, it can be treated before it spreads.”

Portable imaging tools are enabling grassroots screening efforts on college campuses and in remote communities. “We gave students handheld ultrasound devices,” Bard shares. “They learned to scan their own bodies, identifying suspicious changes before symptoms developed.”

Beyond the Breast and Thyroid: Expanding Clinical Impact

Ultrasound’s potential extends into many unexpected areas. Dr. Bard discusses its use in diabetic ulcer care, noting how it tracks inflammation and healing without radiation. Thermography, or heat imaging, supplements this by detecting inflammation and infection in deep tissue layers. In cases like jaw pain or potential osteomyelitis, imaging can reveal whether bones are affected, avoiding unnecessary surgeries or missed diagnoses.

Dr. Maza asks how receptive the medical community is to these innovations. Bard acknowledges a lag in U.S. adoption, despite faster uptake in Europe and Japan. “In America, we wait too long,” he says. “This technology is proven—it just needs to be used.”

The Future: Image-Guided Healing and Regeneration

Looking ahead, Dr. Bard envisions a future where diagnostics guide personalized, non-invasive treatments. Technologies like pulsed electromagnetic therapy and red-light therapy are already showing promise in regenerating tissues, including bone and cartilage.

“NASA uses this on astronauts,” Bard notes. “We’ve used it to grow new knee cartilage and reverse osteoporosis damage.” With functional imaging, these therapies can be monitored in real time, measuring progress and optimizing results.

Empowering Patients Through Education

Dr. Maza closes the conversation with a powerful takeaway: “Ask questions. Be proactive. And don’t settle for outdated diagnostics.” Dr. Bard echoes that sentiment. “If something feels wrong, get checked. Ask your doctor for alternatives. And if you don’t get answers, get a second opinion.”

Through their engaging discussion, Dr. Maza and Dr. Bard demonstrate how new technologies—and a collaborative approach—can revolutionize thyroid care and beyond. Patients are no longer passive recipients of care. With the right tools and knowledge, they become active participants in their healing journey.

To learn more about Dr. Bard’s work and non-invasive diagnostics, visit barddiagnostics.com. For upcoming episodes and educational resources, check out www.thyroidtalk101.com.

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MUTLI-DISCIPLINARY COLLABORATION IS A BEACON OF HOPE - By Sabine Gee

As a Women’s Health Advocate focused on the peri- and postmenopausal transition, I’m thrilled to witness the collaboration between Dr. Mazza and Dr. Bard. Their conversation highlights a crucial but often overlooked truth: menopause is not just a hormonal shift—it’s a full-body transformation impacting metabolic, cardiovascular, bone, brain, and thyroid health.

Among midlife women, few truly understand the long-term health implications of declining estrogen. Even fewer are aware that an underactive thyroid can mimic or worsen menopausal symptoms—leading to years of frustration and misdiagnosis.

What excites me most is their shared vision of using non-invasive diagnostic technologies as tools for earlier detection, safer interventions, and more effective, personalized treatment strategies. This approach moves us beyond symptom management toward root-cause solutions—something women in midlife urgently need. Drs. Mazza and Bard are not only identifying the hidden drivers of symptoms but offering real, cutting-edge answers. Their collaborative model is a beacon of hope in a field that has too often failed to see women fully.

I’m proud to stand alongside these pioneers—empowering women to reclaim their clarity, vitality, and quality of life as they navigate one of the most transformative chapters of their lives.

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INSIGHTFUL APPROACH TO WOMEN'S DIAGNOSTICS

By: Michelle Einsohn, TN

I really appreciate that this article focuses on a proactive, non-invasive approach. Biopsies can be intimidating, and having alternatives that still offer functional information is so valuable. I especially enjoyed the history of ultrasound technology — it’s fascinating to see how diagnostic tools evolve. This piece beautifully highlights how ultrasound can reveal physiological changes in the thyroid in a more functional, patient-friendly way. From a woman’s perspective, I’m grateful the article emphasizes patient collaboration in the diagnostic process, making it more comforting and inclusive. Love the teamwork model!

I also liked that it touched on systemic imbalances, though I would have appreciated more attention to liver health in relation to thyroid and breast issues. In my experience, thyroid function is only part of the equation — how the liver processes thyroid hormones is equally important. Blood tests often mislead, flagging thyroid problems when it’s the liver that needs support. I went through this in my late 20s, being medicated based on bloodwork alone. The medications worsened my symptoms, and only after focusing on liver health did my thyroid markers normalize, allowing me to discontinue medication. It took over a year to reverse those side effects. I share this because many women are seeking a more holistic approach to diagnostics — one that considers the interconnected nature of physical and emotional health. The emotional aspect, unfortunately, was missing from this article, and it’s an area where women often feel unseen when addressing the root causes of their symptoms.

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THE FUTURE IS ULTRASOUND- JUST ASK THYROID SPECIALISTS!

By: Dr. Leslie Valle Montoya

As a practitioner trained in Swiss Biological Medicine, I view the thyroid not just as a hormonal organ, but as a dynamic reflection of the body’s overall regulatory health. The conversation between Dr. Robert Bard and Dr. Angela Mazza affirmed what we in biological medicine have long valued: that non-invasive, high-resolution imaging—like 3D Doppler ultrasound—can play a transformative role in understanding early thyroid dysfunction before it progresses into overt disease. Although I am not a radiologist, I’ve been given the opportunity to utilize advanced ultrasound technology for research purposes in thyroid wellness. This tool allows me to visualize subtle changes in thyroid tissue, vascularity, and symmetry in patients who often have normal lab values but persistent metabolic or inflammatory symptoms. In the realm of functional and preventative medicine, this technology bridges a critical gap—providing immediate, visual insights that align with symptom patterns and biological terrain assessments. It also empowers patients to engage more deeply in their healing

journey.

Thyroid dysfunction is often silent and missed. Incorporating 3D ultrasound into holistic protocols enhances our ability to detect and address imbalances early, aligning with the biological medicine principle of treating root causes, not just managing symptoms.

EXTRA:  The results of a study indicate that the combined use of frequency-based, circulatory, and metabolic-enhancing therapies can lead to measurable improvements in cellular health, as evidenced by a consistent increase in phase angle values among participants. Phase angle is recognized as a reliable marker of cell membrane integrity and intracellular hydration—both of which are essential indicators of biological vitality and resilience. An upward shift in this value suggests enhanced membrane stability, improved cellular function, and better overall physiological status. (see complete paper on PHASE ANGLE)

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SCIENCE NEWS

Inflammation, DHT, and the Biochemical Cascade of Hair Loss: A Scientific Overview: by Dr. Jordan Plews

Hair loss is a multifactorial condition influenced by genetic, hormonal, and inflammatory factors. Understanding the roles of DHT and inflammation provides insight into the pathogenesis of AGA and informs effective prevention and treatment strategies. Early intervention is crucial, as inflammation and follicular damage can progress unnoticed until significant hair loss has occurred, while genetic factors (such as expression of MMP genes) in some can lead to fibrosis and result in more difficult to treat hair loss. By focusing on inflammation as an early warning sign, treatment target, and significant factor to consider when diagnosing, tracking, and treating hair loss, existing methodologies can be greatly improved. Ongoing research continues to elucidate the complex mechanisms underlying hair loss, paving the way for more targeted and effective therapies. See Dr. Jordan Plews comprehensive overview on MENONEWS and the recent issue on the HOUSE OF HAIR